Creel for artificial yarns



w. J. ELVIN ET AL 2,099,003

CRE'EL FOR ARTIFICIAL YARNS Nov. 16, 1937.

Filed Oct. 3, 1934 INVENTOR r WILLIAM JOHN ELVIN I 1 RALPH HERMAN BALCH WILLIAM WHITEHEAD BY g M ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 16, 19 37 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE William John ,Elvin, Ralph Herman Balch, and

William Whitehead, CumberlancL Mdu assignors to Celanese Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware Application October 3, 1934, Serial No. 746,654

3 Claims.

i This invention relates to an improved warp which when woven into a fabric produces a fabric free of warp streaks and to a device for forming the warp.

An object of this invention is the economic and expeditious production of warps that woven to a fabric do not produce warp streaks. Another object of the invention is a device for producing a'warp of even tension on each of the multiple ends of yarn forming the warp. Other objects of the invention will appear from the following detailed description. In the drawing, wherein the same reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements in the various views, there is disclosed a device :forming a part of this invention. In the drawmg:

Fig. 1 is an end View of a device or creel for feeding yarns to a warping machine.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the device shown in Fig. 1 with sections of same removed.

Fig. 3"is a side view of the adjustable head rod, enlarged from the showing in Fig. 1.

. Fig; 4-is a front view of that part of the device shown in Fig. 3.

Between the processes of spinning yarns from -fibers or the formation of yarns from filaments and weaving there are several intermediate oper- 'ations necessary before the yarn that is to con- '-stitute the warp of a fabriccan be placed in suitable form for the weaving process. It is the object of these operations to place the warp yarn "on'a loom beam so that it may be readily un- "wound as the cloth is woven and in a manner 'best suited for making a perfect fabric in the loom. In order that this object may be accomplished, it is evident that a definite number of threads or warp ends must be wound on the loom beam and that each of these yarns or threads 'be of the same length; that is, the required length of the warp.

It is also desirable, to obtain the best results in weaving, that each end or thread of the .warp shall be laid on the loom beam'under the same tension, so that the warp will leave the beam evenly and the threads have a uniform tension while being woven. This is important not only in order to avoid poor weaving or the production of faulty cloth from the loom, but also to produce a fabric so constructed that the subsequent oper- "ations will not injure it. For instance, a fabric is woven in which all of the warp ends have the proper tension with the exception of a few threads that are wound loosely on the beam; It must necessarily follow that these threads will be Woven into the cloth loosely or more loosely than the majority of threads. If the cloth is piecedyed especially in light shades, the loose threads will dye darker than the body of the cloth as the filaments or fibers of the thread that is loose do not lie so closely together and, therefore, will absorb the dyestuff more readily. Even in cases where the goods are not dyed in the piece, there is a strong tendency for the loose or low tension thread to showmore prominently on the face of the cloth, since it is not drawn down level with the other threads by the tension of the warp. These defects may for the purpose of describing this invention be termed Warp strea A single end having a greater tension than the remaining ends will break due to its carrying the load of all the ends. Even slight differences in tension of ends in warping result in uneven sizing, which in turn, influences dyeing, spacing and spread of threads in the fabric.

By employing this invention, warps of any number of ends or threads may be formed each thread having the same tension and this may be accomplished at high speeds, for example, 100 yards per minute. This may be accomplished by this invention even when the individual yarns or threads forming the warp are of a low denier, or when they are of a smooth yarn formed of substantially continuous lengths of artificial filaments grouped together with or without twist, size, lubricants, etc.

In accordance with our invention, then, we produce a'warp from yarns by drawing the same from a plurality of packages to a guide or roller in line with the centers of the packages; that is, lines drawn from each end of the package to the guide and the line of the package forms an isosceles triangle thus equalizing the pull on the yarn regardless of the section of the package being unwound. Further, in accordance with our invention, we have designed a device having an adjustable guide rod head and a guide rod so supported as to always maintain a straight line along with other improvements for forming a Warp from packaged yarns.

filaments may contain regenerated or reconsti-' beam or an intermediate dressing Wheel from gcone, cheese, spool, bobbin or the like.

twisted together, short lengths of staple fibers,-

or yarns spun from such staple fibers. Further, the yarns may be made from a single artificial material or a mixture of these and/or natural filaments and fibers. This invention is particularly applicable to yarns of continuous filaments of very low twist such as one or less turns per inch.

The yarns may be sized with any suitable size. Further, any number of yarns or ends may be employed, depending upon the type, width etc. of the desired fabric.

The yarns or ends may be fed to the warp any suitable type of package, for example, a It is preferable, however, to have the yarn pulled from a point in a line perpendicular to the axis of the windings of yarn on the package, which line passes midway between the ends of the package. It is also preferable to have the package bearing pins of substantially the size of the bore in the package with just sufficient clearance to allow rotation of the package but no chatter or vibration of the package rotating thereon. When bobbins are employed, having a bore larger than the bearing pins, it is preferable to employ a sleeve or former between the bobbin and the pin to reduce chatter and vibration to a minimum. This sleeve may be so mounted on a pin of suitable diameter that it cannot be removed without removal of the head of the pin or of the pin itself and thus a pin is formed with a surface which rotates more or less with the bobbinmounted thereon.

..By'pcsitioning the head guide rod at a point in line with the'centers of the packages, the angle of deflection of the yarn from the top rows of spools or bobbins is reduced to a balanced minimum. By this means. the change in pressure of the bobbin or other package against the creel buttons and changein the length of contact between the yarn and the head rod or rail are reduced to a minimum variation.

The head rail or rod is preferably adapted to rotate freely upon a bearing to reduce uneven tension caused by variation in length of contact therewith of yarns coming from various sections of the creel rack.

- In the drawing, and forming a part of this invention, is shown one embodiment of a device for carrying out our invention. In the device shown in the drawing l is a main frame in general shape an inverted V having suitable braces 2. Any suitable numberof these frames may be employed andthe same may be fastened together by transverse members 3 on one or both sides of the main frame. a V 1 Supported by the transverse members 3, preferably at an angle to the vertical, are a suitable number of spaced, parallel rack members 4.

Each rack member 4 may be equipped with a number of p'ins5 adapted as axles or spindlesfor .be of glass, stainless steel or other material and packages of yarn 6, such as a bobbin, spool, cone, cheese, etc. The pins 5 are of a diameter substantially that of the bore in the core of the package of yarn that is to be fed to the warp beam or intermediate dressing wheel.

Suitably fastened to or formed on the main frame are extending arms 1 which are suitably fastened together by a tie arm or brace '8 in any suitable way, such as by an angle bracket 9 bolted thereto and to the tie brace. Other suit: able brace means may be employed to maintain the extension arms rigid, such as a brace l0 running from the uppermost of the transverse members 3 to near the top of the extending arms.

Adjustably fastened to the extending arms at either'end of the device is a plate H having elongated slots l2 through which fastening means l3, such as bolts with lock washers, are adapted to pass. Suitably positioned at one or more places between the ends of the device are additional plates l4 adapted to adjustably slide in brackets l5 that have elongated slots through which bolts l6 are passed.

The plates H may be equipped with a rotating stud shaftYl'l that'may operate in a ball bearing or other suitable low friction bearing.

If desired, the stud shaft I! may be non-rotatable but such as to cooperate with a ball race bearing in the rod or head rail. 18. On the bracket i4 is a double stud shaft IQ of a similar type to stud shaft l1 .except that it has a bearing member projecting'from each side.

The rod l8, preferably of steel but which may be glass, fiber composition, wood or other desirable material, is mounted on a stud shaft l1, and one part of a stud shaft l9. Anynumber of such rods may be employed. Important objects, among others, are that the rod l8 or head rail be rotatable and be divided into sections sufficiently short that there is no obvious sagging of the rod at the centre due to the pull of the yarns. Position-edon the tie brace 8 are dents or combs 22, either in sections or one piece, extending the width of the creel. These combs may be of metal, glass or other suitable materials.

tating rodand comb or dent to avoidaccumulation of static. This may be accomplished through main frame and against an abutment on the carriage supported by the wheels 20.

In operation, any suitable number of'bobbins or spools 6 or other packages are placed on the oil applied thereto. The yarn-23 from each package is led up over the rotatable head rail 18 and through a slot in the dent or comb 22 that may have dents of any suitable size. The head rail" should be positioned at least'3 inches above the top row of bobbins when employing normal size bobbins. When, however, larger size bobbins are employed the head rail is preferably moved further away from same. Thus, in employing bobbins of 20 inch length,"the head rail maybe spaced about 20 inches above the top row of bobbins. The creel or rack may then be posi- .tioned in front of a warping device andthe same It is preferable to electrically ground, the ropins 5 that may have had a coating of grease or leveled. The warping device may be such as to wind the yarns or ends directly onto a warping beam or such as to wind the yarns or ends onto a dressing wheel which accommodates several bands of such filaments or yarns as is drawn from the creel shown and then unwinds all the bands simultaneously onto a warp beam.

In this manner and by this device, a warp is formed all ends of which are of the same tension. From such a warp and by normal methods, a fabric or cloth may be woven on a loom, which cloth is free of warp streaks and other defects due to uneven tension on the warp yarns.

' It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description and drawing is merely given by way of illustration and many alterations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of our invention.

Having described our invention what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a device for warping yarns, the combination with a bank of spindles in parallel relationship adapted to support rotatably a plurality of packages, of rotatable means positioned above the bank for directing yarns drawn from the packages directly to a point in a line lying in a plane which is normal to the longitudinal axes of the packages and which cuts these axes at their midpoints, and means including a moving bracket supporting the rotatable means for adjusting the position of the rotatable means to correspond to the size of the packages.

2. In a device for warping yarns, the combination with a bank of spindles in parallel relationship adapted to support rotatably a plurality of packages of rotatable means positioned above the bank for directing yarns drawn from the packages directly to a point in a. line lying in a plane which is normal to the longitudinal axes of the packages and which cuts these axes at their midpoints, and a plurality of independent adjustable means, including brackets, for rotatably supporting the rotatable means in a position to correspond to the size of the packages.

3. In a device for warping yarns formed of an artificial material, the combination with a bank of spindles in parallel relationship adapted to rotatably support a plurality of packages, of rotatable means positioned above the bank for directing yarns drawn from the packages directly to a point in a line, which line is in a plane drawn through the centers of the packages, and brackets for adjustably supporting the rotatable means.

WILLIAM JOHN ELVIN. RALPH HERMAN BALCH. WILLIAM WHITEHEAD. 

